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  µ¿½ÃÁ¢¼ÓÀÚ:     054
 
ÀÛ¼ºÀÏ : 13/11/28
2014 ¼ö´É ¿Ü±¹¾î ¿µ¿ª(BÇü) 27¹ø Çؼ³
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2014³â ¼ö´É ¿Ü±¹¾î ¿µ¿ª(BÇü) 27¹ø Á¤´ä ¹× Çؼ³ - ¼Õ¹ü½Ä
 
27. ´ÙÀ½ ±ÛÀÇ ¹ØÁ٠ģ ºÎºÐ Áß, ¾î¹ý»ó Ʋ¸° °ÍÀº? [3Á¡]
 
Oxygen is what it is all about. Ironically, the stuff that gives us life eventually kills it. The ultimate life force lies in tiny cellular factories of energy, called mitochondria, ¨ç that burn nearly all the oxygen we breathe in. But breathing has a price. The combustion of oxygen that keeps us alive and active ¨èsending out by-products called oxygen free radicals. They have Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde characteristics. On the one hand, they help guarantee our survival. For example, when the body mobilizes ¨éto fight off infectious agents, it generates a burst of free radicals to destroy the invaders very efficiently. On the other hand, free radicals move ¨êuncontrollably through the body, attacking cells, rusting their proteins, piercing their membranes and corrupting their genetic code until the cells become dysfunctional and sometimes give up and die. These fierce radicals, ¨ëbuilt into life as both protectors and avengers, are potent agents of aging. *oxygen free radical: È°¼º»ê¼Ò ** membrane: (ÇغÎÇÐ) ¾ãÀº¸·
 
1. ³»¿ëÇ®ÀÌ
¨è ¹®Àå¿¡´Â ½ÃÁ¦¿Í ¼ö, ±×¸®°í ÀÎĪÀÌ Ç¥½ÃµÇ´Â µ¿»ç°¡ ÀÖ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. The combustion of oxygen ~ and active°¡ ÁÖ¾îÀ̹ǷÎsendingÀ» µ¿»çÀÎ sends·Î ¹Ù²Ù¾î¾ß ÇÔ.
¨ç thatÀº tiny cellular factories of energy¸¦ ¼±Çà»ç·Î ÃëÇÏ°í °ü°èÀý¿¡¼­ ÁÖ¾î ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇÏ´Â °ü°è»çÀÓ.
¨é toºÎÁ¤»çÀÎ to fight´Â ¸ñÀûÀ» ³ªÅ¸³»¾î µ¿»ç mobilizes¸¦ ¼ö½ÄÇÔ.
¨êµ¿»ç move¸¦ ¼ö½ÄÇϹǷΠºÎ»çÀÎ uncontrollably¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ°í ÀÖÀ½.
¨ë Àǹ̻ó ÁÖ¾îÀÎ These fierce radicalsÀÌ µ¿ÀÛÀÇ ´ë»óÀ̹ǷΠ°ú°ÅºÐ»ç built¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ°í ÀÖÀ½.
 
2. ±¸¹®Çؼ³
¨ç [Oxygen is what it is all about. Ironically, the stuff (that gives us life) eventually kills it]     ¡ØOxygen is what it is all about:»ê¼Ò°¡ (°ü·ÃµÈ) ¸ðµç °ÍÀÌ´Ù(Áß¿äÇÑ °ÍÀº ¹Ù·Î »ê¼ÒÀÌ´Ù.)  ¡Øwhat:¼±Æ÷°ü: ~ÇÏ´Â °Í)  cf) this is what it is all about:³»¿ëÀº ¹Ù·Î ÀÌ·¸´Ù, this is what life it is all about:ÀλýÀº ¹Ù·Î ÀÌ·± °ÍÀÌ´Ù.  ¡Østuff:¹°°Ç, °Í, Àç·á  ¡Øit=life     ¢ÑÁß¿äÇÑ °ÍÀº ¹Ù·Î »ê¼ÒÀÌ´Ù. ¿ª¼³ÀûÀÌ°Ôµµ, ¿ì¸®¿¡°Ô »ý¸íÀ» ÁÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ °á±¹ ±×°Í(»ý¸í)À» Á×ÀδÙ.
 
¨è [The ultimate life force lies in tiny cellular factories of energy, called mitochondria, that burn nearly all the oxygen (that) we breathe in. But breathing has a price.]      ¡ØThe ultimate life force:±Ã±ØÀûÀÎ »ý¸í·Â(life force:»ý¸í·Â) ¡Ølies in:~¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù. Á¸ÀçÇÏ´Ù.(=consist in)  cf)consist of: ~À¸·Î ±¸¼ºµÇ´Ù.(be made up of, be composed of = comprise) ¡Øtiny cellular factories of energy:ÀÛÀº ¿¡³ÊÁö ¼¼Æ÷°øÀå ¡Øcalled: ~¶ó°í ºÒ¸®´Â ¡Ø¨çthat:ÁÖ°Ý°ü°è´ë¸í»çÀÌ°í, tiny cellular factories of energy¸¦ ¼±Çà»ç·Î ¹Þ°í ÀÖÀ½. ¡Øall the oxygen (that) we breathe in:¿ì¸®°¡ µéÀ̽¬´Â ¸ðµç »ê¼Ò  ¡Øbreathe in:¼ûÀ» µéÀÌ ¸¶½Ã´Ù(¡ê breathe out) ¡Øprice:´ë°¡   ¢Ñ±Ã±ØÀûÀÎ »ý¸í·ÂÀº ¿ì¸®°¡ µéÀ̽¬´Â °ÅÀÇ ¸ðµç »ê¼Ò¸¦ Å¿ì´Â, ¹ÌÅäÄܵ帮¾Æ¶ó°í ºÒ¸®´Â ¾ÆÁÖ ÀÛÀº ¿¡³ÊÁö ¼¼Æ÷ °øÀå¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª È£Èí¿¡´Â ´ë°¡°¡ ÀÖ´Ù.
 
¨é [The combustion of oxygen (that keeps us alive and active) sends out by-products called oxygen free radicals. They have Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde characteristics.]     ¡ØThe combustion of oxygen that keeps us alive and active:¿ì¸®¸¦ »ì¾Æ ÀÖ°Ô ÇÏ°í È°µ¿ÀûÀÎ »óÅ·ΠÀ¯ÁöÇÏ°Ô ÇÏ´Â »ê¼Ò¿¬¼Ò(ÁÖ¾î)  ¡Økeep + ¸ñÀû¾î +Çü¿ë»ç: ~À» ~»óÅ·ΠÀ¯ÁöÇÏ´Ù.(thatÀº the combustion of oxygenÀ» ¼±Çà»ç·Î ¹Þ´Â ÁÖ°Ý°ü°è´ë¸í»ç) ¡Øby-products:ºÎ»ê¹° ¡Øcalled: ~¶ó°í ºÒ¸®´Â ¡Øoxygen free radicals:È°¼º»ê¼Ò ¡Øcharacteristic:Ư¡, Ư»ö ¡ØDr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde characteristics:Áöų ¹Ú»ç¿Í ÇÏÀ̵åÀÇ Æ¯¼º    ¢Ñ¿ì¸®¸¦ »ì¾ÆÀÖ°Ô ÇÏ°í È°µ¿ÀûÀÌ°Ô À¯ÁöÇÏ´Â »ê¼Ò ¿¬¼Ò´Â È°¼º »ê¼Ò¶ó°í ºÒ¸®´Â ºÎ»ê¹°À» ³»º¸³½´Ù. ±×°Íµé(È°¼º»ê¼Ò)Àº Áöų¹Ú»ç¿Í ÇÏÀ̵徾ÀÇ Æ¯Â¡À» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Ù(¼­·Î ´Ù¸¥ ÀÌÁßÀûÀΠƯ¡À» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Ù)    Âü°í: Áöų ¹Ú»ç°¡ Á׾ ¸¹Àº »ç¶÷µéÀÌ ±×¸¦ º¸·¯ ¿Ô´Âµ¥ °æÂûÀÌ ÁöųÀÇ ½Ãü¸¦ º¸¿©ÁÖ¾úÀ» ¶§¿¡´Â °ÅÀÇ ¸ðµç »ç¶÷ÀÌ ºñ¸íÀ» Áú·¶´Ù. ±×ÀÇ ½Ãü°¡ Áöų ¹Ú»ç¿Í ÇÏÀ̵徾·Î ¹Ý¹Ý¾¿ ³ª´µ¾î ÀÖ¾ú±â ¶§¹®¿¡, µû¶ó¼­ ¼­·Î´Ù¸¥ ÀÌÁßÀûÀΠƯ¼ºÀ» ¡°Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde characteristic¡±·Î Ç¥ÇöÇÑ´ä´Ï´Ù.
 
¨ê [On the one hand, they help guarantee our survival. For example, when the body mobilizes ¨éto fight off infectious agents, it generates a burst of free radicals to destroy the invaders very efficiently.]     ¡ØOn the one hand:¹Ý¸é¿¡ ¡Øguarantee:º¸ÀåÇÏ´Ù, º¸ÁõÇÏ´Ù. ¡Ømobilize:µ¿¿øµÇ´Ù, µ¿¿øÇÏ´Ù. ¡Øto fight off infectious agents:°¨¿°¿ø°ú ½Î¿ö ¹°¸®Ä¡±â À§ÇØ(fight off:½Î¿ö ¹°¸®Ä¡´Ù. infectious agents:°¨¿°¿ø) ¡Øgenerate:¹ß»ý½ÃÅ°´Ù. ¡Øa burst of free radicals:ÇѹÙÅÁÀÇ È°¼º»ê¼Ò(burst:ÇѹÙÅÁ ÅͶ߸², Æø¹ß)  ¡Øto destroy the invaders:ħÀÔÀÚ¸¦ Æı«Çϱâ À§Çؼ­(invade:ħÀÔÇÏ´Ù.¡æ¨Úinvasion)      ¢ÑÇÑÆíÀ¸·Î, ±×°ÍµéÀº ¿ì¸®ÀÇ »ýÁ¸ º¸ÀåÀ» µ½´Â´Ù. ¿¹¸¦ µé¾î, °¨¿°¿ø°ú ½Î¿ö ¹°¸®Ä¡±â À§ÇØ ½Åü°¡ µ¿¿øµÉ ¶§, ±× °Í(½Åü)Àº ħÀÔÀÚµéÀ» ¸Å¿ì È¿À²ÀûÀ¸·Î Æı«Çϱâ À§ÇØ ÇѹÙÅÁ È°¼º »ê¼Ò¸¦ »ý»êÇÑ´Ù.
 
¨ë [On the other hand, free radicals move ¨êuncontrollably through the body, attacking cells, rusting their proteins, piercing their membranes and corrupting their genetic code until the cells become dysfunctional and sometimes give up and die.]     ¡Øuncontrollably:ÅëÁ¦ÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ» Á¤µµ·Î  ¡Øattacking cells:¼¼Æ÷¸¦ °ø°ÝÇÏ°í ¡Ørusting their proteins:´Ü¹éÁúÀ» ºÎ½Ä½ÃÅ°°í(rust:ºÎ½Ä½ÃÅ°´Ù. ºÎ½ÄÇÏ´Ù)  ¡Øpiercing their membranes:¼¼Æ÷¸·À» ¶Õ°í(membrane: (ÇغÎÇÐ) ¾ãÀº¸·) ¡Øcorrupting their genetic code:À¯Àü¾ÏÈ£¸¦ º¯Áú½ÃÅ°¸é¼­(corrupt:Ÿ¶ô½ÃÅ°´Ù) ¡Øattacking~, rusting~, piercing~, corrupting~:ºÐ»ç±¸¹®(µ¿½Ãµ¿ÀÛ)À» ³ªÅ¸³»¸ç, ÇüÅ°¡ °°À½¿¡ À¯ÀÇ. ¡Øbecome dysfunctional:Á¦´ë·Î ±â´ÉÀ» ¸øÇÏ°Ô µÇ´Ù. ¡Ødysfunctional[dɪs|fʌ©¯kʃənl]:Á¦´ë·Î ±â´ÉÀ» ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â    ¢Ñ´Ù¸¥ ÇÑÆíÀ¸·Î, È°¼º »ê¼Ò´Â ÅëÁ¦ÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ» Á¤µµ·Î ½Åü¸¦ µ¹¾Æ´Ù´Ï¸é¼­ ¼¼Æ÷¸¦ °ø°ÝÇÏ°í, ¼¼Æ÷ÀÇ ´Ü¹éÁúÀ» ºÎ½Ä½ÃÅ°°í, ¼¼Æ÷¸·À» ¶Õ°í ¼¼Æ÷ÀÇ À¯Àü ¾ÏÈ£¸¦ º¯Áú½ÃÄÑ ¸¶Ä§³» ±× ¼¼Æ÷´Â Á¦´ë·Î ±â´ÉÀ» ÇÏÁö ¸øÇÏ°Ô µÇ°í ¶§·Î´Â Æ÷±âÇÏ¿© Á×¾î¹ö¸°´Ù.
 
¨ì [These fierce radicals, [(which are) built into life as both protectors and avengers,] are potent agents of aging.]¡¡¡¡¡ØThese fierce radicals:ÀÌ·± »ç³ª¿î È°¼º»ê¼Ò ¡Ø(which are) built into life:»ý¸íüÀÇ ÀϺΰ¡ µÇ¾î Àִ  ¡ØÁÖ¾îÀÎ These fierce radicals°¡ ºÐ»ç°¡ ³ªÅ¸³»´Â µ¿ÀÛÀÇ ´ë»óÀ̹ǷΠ°ú°ÅºÐ»ç built¸¦ ½á¾ßÇÔ. ¡Øas both protectors and avengers:º¸È£ÀÚÀÎ µ¿½Ã¿¡ º¸º¹Àڷμ­(as:~·Î¼­) ¡Øpotent agents of aging:³ëÈ­ÀÇ ÀáÀçÀûÀÎ µ¿ÀÎ(¿äÀÎ)    ¢Ñº¸È£ÀÚÀÎ µ¿½Ã¿¡ º¸º¹ÀÚ·Î »ý¸íüÀÇ ÀϺΰ¡ µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â ÀÌ·± »ç³ª¿î È°¼º »ê¼Ò´Â ³ëÈ­ÀÇ °­·ÂÇÑ µ¿ÀÎÀÌ´Ù.
 
3. ´Ü¾îÁ¤¸®
*oxygen:»ê¼Ò *combustion [kəmbʌ́stʃən:¿¬¼Ò *mobilize:µ¿¿øµÇ´Ù *infectious agent:°¨¿°¿ø(Êïæøê¹, Àü¿°º´ÀÇ º´¿øü) *burst:ÇѹÙÅÁ ÅͶ߸² *uncontrollably:ÅëÁ¦ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø°Ô *pierce:¶Õ´Ù *genetic code:À¯Àü ¾ÏÈ£ *dysfunctional[dɪs|fʌ©¯kʃənl]:Á¦´ë·Î ±â´ÉÀ» ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â *agent:µ¿ÀÎ(ÔÑì×), ¿äÀÎ *purify:Á¤È­ÇÏ´Ù *avenger:º¸º¹ÀÚ *antibiotic: Ç×»ýÁ¦
 
4. Àü¹®Çؼ®
Áß¿äÇÑ °ÍÀº ¹Ù·Î »ê¼ÒÀÌ´Ù. ¿ª¼³ÀûÀÌ°Ôµµ, ¿ì¸®¿¡°Ô »ý¸íÀ» ÁÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ °á±¹ ±×°Í(»ý¸í)À» Á×ÀδÙ. ±Ã±ØÀûÀÎ »ý¸í·ÂÀº ¿ì¸®°¡ µéÀ̽¬´Â °ÅÀÇ ¸ðµç »ê¼Ò¸¦ Å¿ì´Â, ¹ÌÅäÄܵ帮¾Æ¶ó°í ºÒ¸®´Â ¾ÆÁÖ ÀÛÀº ¿¡³ÊÁö ¼¼Æ÷ °øÀå¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª È£Èí¿¡´Â ´ë°¡°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. ¿ì¸®¸¦ »ì¾ÆÀÖ°Ô ÇÏ°í È°µ¿ÀûÀÌ°Ô À¯ÁöÇÏ´Â »ê¼Ò ¿¬¼Ò´Â È°¼º »ê¼Ò¶ó°í ºÒ¸®´Â ºÎ»ê¹°À» ³»º¸³½´Ù. ±×°Íµé(È°¼º»ê¼Ò)Àº Áöų¹Ú»ç¿Í ÇÏÀÌµå ¾¾ÀÇ Æ¯Â¡À» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Ù(¼­·Î ´Ù¸¥ ÀÌÁßÀûÀΠƯ¡À» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Ù). ÇÑÆíÀ¸·Î, ±×°ÍµéÀº ¿ì¸®ÀÇ »ýÁ¸ º¸ÀåÀ» µ½´Â´Ù. ¿¹¸¦ µé¾î, °¨¿°¿ø°ú ½Î¿ö ¹°¸®Ä¡±â À§ÇØ ½Åü°¡ µ¿¿øµÉ ¶§, ±× °Í(½Åü)Àº ħÀÔÀÚµéÀ» ¸Å¿ì È¿À²ÀûÀ¸·Î Æı«Çϱâ À§ÇØ ÇѹÙÅÁ È°¼º »ê¼Ò¸¦ »ý»êÇÑ´Ù. ´Ù¸¥ ÇÑÆíÀ¸·Î, È°¼º »ê¼Ò´Â ÅëÁ¦ÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ» Á¤µµ·Î ½Åü¸¦ µ¹¾Æ´Ù´Ï¸é¼­ ¼¼Æ÷¸¦ °ø°ÝÇÏ°í, ¼¼Æ÷ÀÇ ´Ü¹éÁúÀ» ºÎ½Ä½ÃÅ°°í, ¼¼Æ÷¸·À» ¶Õ°í ¼¼Æ÷ÀÇ À¯Àü ¾ÏÈ£¸¦ º¯Áú½ÃÄÑ ¸¶Ä§³» ±× ¼¼Æ÷´Â Á¦´ë·Î ±â´ÉÀ» ÇÏÁö ¸øÇÏ°Ô µÇ°í ¶§·Î´Â Æ÷±âÇÏ¿© Á×¾î¹ö¸°´Ù. º¸È£ÀÚÀÎ µ¿½Ã¿¡ º¸º¹ÀÚ·Î »ý¸íüÀÇ ÀϺΰ¡ µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â ÀÌ·± »ç³ª¿î È°¼º »ê¼Ò´Â ³ëÈ­ÀÇ °­·ÂÇÑ µ¿ÀÎÀÌ´Ù.
 
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