¼Û°î´åÄÄÀ» ½ÃÀÛÆäÀÌÁö·Î      ¼Û°î´åÄÄÀ» Áñ°Üã±â¿¡ 

| ÇÁ·ÎÇÊ | ¹ø¿ª | Àϱâ | ÆíÁö | Ç¥Çö | È°¿ë | ±âÃâÁö | 2015 | 14(B) | 14(A) | 2013 | 2012 | 2011 | 2010 | 2009 | ½Ç¿ë | new | ¼º¹® | Q&A | »çÁø |

| ÁÖÀýÁÖÀý | ÀÚÀ۽à|







  µ¿½ÃÁ¢¼ÓÀÚ:     0111
 
ÀÛ¼ºÀÏ : 14/11/22
2015³âµµ ¼ö´É ¿Ü±¹¾î ¿µ¿ª 32¹ø Çؼ³
 ±Û¾´ÀÌ : songgok
Á¶È¸ : 6,713  
   2015-32.hwp (86.5K)


2015³â ¼ö´É ¿Ü±¹¾î ¿µ¿ª 32¹ø Á¤´ä ¹× Çؼ³ - ¼Õ¹ü½Ä
 
32. ´ÙÀ½ ºóÄ­¿¡ µé¾î°¥ ¸»·Î °¡Àå ÀûÀýÇÑ °ÍÀ» °í¸£½Ã¿À.[3Á¡]
 
My friend was disappointed that scientific progress has not cured the world¡¯s ills by abolishing wars and starvation; that gross human inequality is still widespread; that happiness is not universal. My friend made a common mistake ¡ª a basic misunderstanding in the nature of knowledge. Knowledge is amoral ¡ª not immoral but morality neutral. It can be used for any purpose, but many people assume it will be used to further their favorite hopes for society ¡ª and this is the fundamental flaw. Knowledge of the world is one thing; its uses create a separate issue. To be disappointed that our progress in understanding has not remedied the social ills of the world is a legitimate view, but                                       .To argue that knowledge is not progressing because of the African or Middle Eastern conflicts misses the point. There is nothing inherent in knowledge that dictates any specific social or moral application.
 
¨ç to confuse this with the progress of knowledge is absurd
¨è to know the nature of knowledge is to practice its moral value
¨é to remove social inequality is the inherent purpose of knowledge
¨ê to accumulate knowledge is to enhance its social application
¨ë to make science progress is to make it cure social ills
 
1. ³»¿ëÇ®ÀÌ
°úÇÐÀû ¹ßÀüÀ̳ª Áö½ÄÀÇ ¹ßÀüÀÌ ¼¼°èÀÇ »çȸÀûÀÎ ºÒÇàÀ» Ä¡À¯ÇØ ÁÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¸ç ÀÌ µÑÀº ¼­·Î º°°³ÀÇ ¹®Á¦¶ó´Â ³»¿ëÀÇ ±ÛÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯¹Ç·Î ºóÄ­¿¡ µé¾î°¥ ¸»·Î °¡Àå ÀûÀýÇÑ °ÍÀº ¨çÀÌ´Ù.     ¨è Áö½ÄÀÇ Æ¯¼ºÀ» ¾Æ´Â °ÍÀº ±×°ÍÀÇ µµ´öÀû °¡Ä¡¸¦ ½ÇÇàÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù.    ¨é »çȸÀû ºÒÆòµîÀ» Á¦°ÅÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº Áö½ÄÀÇ ³»ÀçÀû ¸ñÀûÀÌ´Ù.    ¨ê Áö½ÄÀ» ÃàÀûÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ±×°ÍÀÇ »çȸÀû Àû¿ëÀ» Çâ»ó½ÃÅ°´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù.   ¨ë °úÇÐÀ» ¹ßÀüÇÏ°Ô ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ±×°ÍÀÌ »çȸÀû ºÒÇàÀ» Ä¡À¯ÇÏ°Ô ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù
 
2. ±¸¹®Çؼ³
¨ç [My friend was disappointed that scientific progress has not cured the world¡¯s ills by abolishing wars and starvation; that gross human inequality is still widespread; that happiness is not universal.]    ¡Øbe disappointed at(that):~¿¡ ½Ç¸ÁÇÏ´Ù.  ¡Øby abolishing~:~À» ¾ø¾ÚÀ¸·Î½á(by ~ing:~ÇÔÀ¸·Î½á, abolish :ÆóÁö(öÆó)ÇÏ´Ù, Æı«ÇÏ´Ù.) War should be abolished:ÀüÀïÀº ¾ø¾îÁ®¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ¡Øwars and starvation:ÀüÀï°ú ±â¾Æ  ¡Ø:(ÄÝ·Ð):ÄÝ·ÐÀº ÁÖ·Î ºÎ¿¬¼³¸íÀ¸·Î ÁÖ·Î ¿­°ÅÇÒ ¶§ »ç¿ëµÇ¸ç, ¼¼¹ÌÄÝ·ÐÀº Á¢¼Ó»çÀÇ ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇÏ¸ç ´ëµîÇÑ ¹®ÀåÀ» ¿¬°áÇÒ ¶§ ÁÖ·Î »ç¿ëÇÔ(±×·¡¼­, ±×·¯¹Ç·Î, ±×·¯³ª)µî, µû¶ó¼­ ÀÌ ¹®ÀåÀº ¾ÕÀÇ thatÀ¸·Î ¿¬°áµÇ°í was disappointed·Î ¿¬°áµÇ´Â ¹®ÀåÀº 3°³ÀÓ)  ¡Øgross human inequality:¾öû³­ Àΰ£ ºÒÆòµî(gross:¾öû³­, Å«, ÃÑüÀÇ, inequality:ºÒÆòµî ¡ê equality)   ¡ØÀÌ ¹®ÀåÀº Ä£±¸ÀÇ ½Ç¸Á¿¡ ÁÖ¸ñ : °úÇйßÀü..¹¹~ º° º¼ÀÏ ¾ø´Ù. ÀÌ°ÅÁÒ?      ¢Ñ³ªÀÇ Ä£±¸´Â °úÇÐÀûÀÎ ¹ßÀüÀÌ ÀüÀï°ú ±â¾Æ¸¦ ¾ø¾ÚÀ¸·Î½á ¼¼»óÀÇ ºÒÇàÀ» Ä¡À¯ÇÏÁö ¸øÇß´Ù´Â °Í°ú, ¾öû³­ Àΰ£ ºÒÆòµîÀÌ ¾ÆÁ÷µµ ³Î¸® ÆÛÁ® ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ÇູÀÌ º¸ÆíÀûÀÌÁö ¾Ê´Ù´Â °Í¿¡ ½Ç¸ÁÇß´Ù.
 
¨è [My friend made a common mistake ¡ª a basic misunderstanding in the nature of knowledge. Knowledge is amoral ¡ª not immoral but morality neutral.]    ¡Øin the nature of knowledge:Áö½ÄÀÇ º»Áú  ¡Øamoral:µµ´ö°ú´Â °ü°è°¡ ¾ø´Â  ¡Ønot immoral but morality neutral:ºñµµ´öÀûÀÎ °ÍÀÎ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó µµ´ö Á߸³ÀûÀÎ ¡Ønot A but B:A°¡ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó B  ¡Ømoral:µµ´öÀûÀÎ ¡ê immoral:ºÎµµ´öÇÑ, neutral:Á߸³ÀûÀÎ(¨Úneutrality:Á߸³)    ¢Ñ³» Ä£±¸´Â ÈçÇÑ ½Ç¼ö, Áï Áö½ÄÀÇ º»Áú¿¡ À־ ±âº»ÀûÀÎ ¿ÀÇظ¦ Çß´Ù. Áö½ÄÀº µµ´ö°ú °ü°è°¡ ¾øÀ¸¸ç ºñµµ´öÀûÀÎ °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó µµ´ö Á߸³ÀûÀÌ´Ù.
 
¨é [It can be used for any purpose, but many people assume (that) it will be used to further their favorite hopes for society ¡ª and this is the fundamental flaw. Knowledge of the world is one thing; its uses create a separate issue.]¡¡ ¡Øcan be used:»ç¿ëµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¡Øassume (that)~:~À» °¡Á¤ÇÏ´Ù, ÃßÁ¤ÇÏ´Ù.  ¡Øbe used to further~:~À» ÁõÁøÇϱâ À§ÇØ »ç¿ëµÇ´Ù.(further:¨âÁõÁø½ÃÅ°´Ù. Á¶ÀåÇÏ´Ù:farÀÇ ºñ±³±ÞÀ¸·Î ¾²ÀÌÁö ¾Ê¾ÒÀ½)  ¡Øthe fundamental flaw:±Ùº»ÀûÀÎ À߸ø(fundamental:±Ùº»ÀûÀÎ, flaw:°áÁ¡, Èì(crack)  ¡Øits uses:±× Áö½ÄÀÇ »ç¿ë      ¢Ñ±×°ÍÀº ¾î¶² ¸ñÀûÀ¸·Îµç »ç¿ëµÉ ¼ö ÀÖÁö¸¸, ¸¹Àº »ç¶÷Àº ±×°ÍÀÌ »çȸ¸¦ À§ÇØ ¡®±×µéÀÌ¡¯ ¼±È£ÇÏ´Â Èñ¸ÁÀ» ÁõÁøÇÏ´Â µ¥ »ç¿ëµÉ °ÍÀ̶ó°í °¡Á¤Çϴµ¥, ÀÌ°ÍÀÌ ±Ùº»ÀûÀ¸·Î À߸øµÈ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¼¼»óÀÇ Áö½Ä°ú ±× »ç¿ëÀº º°°³ÀÇ ¹®Á¦ÀÌ´Ù.
 
¨ê [To be disappointed that (our progress in understanding has not remedied the social ills of the world) is a legitimate view, but to confuse this with the progress of knowledge is absurd.]     ¡ØTo be disappointed that~:thatÀÌÇϸ¦ ½Ç¸ÁÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº(ÁÖ¾î:To~/µ¿»ç:is, be disappointed at(that):~¿¡ ½Ç¸ÁÇÏ´Ù.)   ¡Øour progress in understanding:ÀÌÇØ¿¡ À־ÀÇ Áøº¸(Áï °úÇйßÀü) ¡Øa legitimate view:Ÿ´çÇÑ °ßÇØ(legitimate:ÇÕ¹ýÀÇ, Ÿ´çÇÑ, Àû¹ýÀÇ)  ¡Øto confuse this with the progress of knowledge:(ÁÖ¾îºÎ: ÀÌ°ÍÀ» Áö½ÄÀÇ Áøº¸¿Í È¥µ¿ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº(confuse A with B:A¿Í B¸¦ È¥µ¿ÇÏ´Ù) ¡Øabsurd:ºÒÇÕ¸®ÇÑ, ºÎÁ¶¸®ÇÑ     ¢ÑÀÌÇØ¿¡ À־ÀÇ Áøº¸°¡ ¼¼°èÀÇ »çȸÀûÀÎ ºÒÇàÀ» Ä¡À¯ÇÏÁö ¸øÇØ¿Ô´Ù´Â °Í¿¡ ½Ç¸ÁÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº Ÿ´çÇÑ °ßÇØÀÌÁö¸¸, ÀÌ°ÍÀ» Áö½ÄÀÇ Áøº¸¿Í È¥µ¿ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº Å͹«´Ï¾ø´Ù.
 
¨ë [To argue that knowledge is not progressing because of the African or Middle Eastern conflicts misses the point.]    ¡ØTo argue that~:~À» ÁÖÀåÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº(ÁÖ¾î, µ¿»ç´Â misses) ¡Ømisses the point:¿äÁ¡À» ³õÄ¡´Ù(¿äÁ¡¿¡¼­ ¹þ¾î³ª´Ù)     ¢Ñ¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä«³ª Áßµ¿ÀÇ °¥µî ¶§¹®¿¡ Áö½ÄÀÌ Áøº¸ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù°í ÁÖÀåÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ¿äÁ¡¿¡¼­ ¹þ¾î³­´Ù.
 
¨ì [There is nothing inherent in knowledge that dictates any specific social or moral application.]     ¡Øbe nothing inherent:³»ÀçÀûÀÎ °ÍÀº ¾ø´Ù.(nothing + Çü¿ë»ç, inherent:º»·¡ºÎÅÍ °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Â, ¼±ÃµÀûÀÎ, Ÿ°í³­)  ¡Øthat: nothing inherent¸¦ ¼±Çà»ç·Î °®´Â ÁÖ°Ý°ü°è´ë¸í»ç(ÁÖÀÇ:¼±Çà»ç°¡ knowledge°¡ ¾Æ´Ô)  ¡Ødictates:Á¿ìÇÏ´Ù. Áö½ÃÇÏ´Ù, ¹Þ¾Æ¾²°Ô ÇÏ´Ù. ¡Øany specific social or moral application: ±¸Ã¼ÀûÀÎ »çȸÀû ¶Ç´Â µµ´öÀû Àû¿ë      ¢ÑÁö½Ä¿¡´Â ±¸Ã¼ÀûÀÎ »çȸÀû ¶Ç´Â µµ´öÀû Àû¿ëÀ» Á¿ìÇÏ´Â ³»ÀçÀûÀÎ °ÍÀº ¾ø´Ù.
 
3. ´Ü¾îÁ¤¸®
*amoral:µµ´ö°ú °ü°è¾ø´Â, µµ´ö°ü³äÀÌ ¾ø´Â *assume:°¡Á¤ÇÏ´Ù *further:ÁõÁøÇÏ´Ù *flaw:°áÇÔ *remedy:Ä¡À¯ÇÏ´Ù, Ä¡·áÇÏ´Ù *legitimate:ÇÕ¹ýÀÇ, Ÿ´çÇÑ, Á¤´çÇÑ *inherent:³»ÀçÀûÀÎ, Ÿ°í³­ dictate:Á¿ìÇÏ´Ù, Áö½ÃÇÏ´Ù. ¹Þ¾Æ¾²°Ô ÇÏ´Ù.
 
4. Àü¹®Çؼ®
³ªÀÇ Ä£±¸´Â °úÇÐÀûÀÎ ¹ßÀüÀÌ ÀüÀï°ú ±â¾Æ¸¦ ¾ø¾ÚÀ¸·Î½á ¼¼»óÀÇ ºÒÇàÀ» Ä¡À¯ÇÏÁö ¸øÇß´Ù´Â °Í°ú, ¾öû³­ Àΰ£ ºÒÆòµîÀÌ ¾ÆÁ÷µµ ³Î¸® ÆÛÁ® ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, ÇູÀÌ º¸ÆíÀûÀÌÁö ¾Ê´Ù´Â °Í¿¡ ½Ç¸ÁÇß´Ù. ³» Ä£±¸´Â ÈçÇÑ ½Ç¼ö, Áï Áö½ÄÀÇ º»Áú¿¡ À־ ±âº»ÀûÀÎ ¿ÀÇظ¦ Çß´Ù. Áö½ÄÀº µµ´ö°ú °ü°è°¡ ¾øÀ¸¸ç ºñµµ´öÀûÀÎ °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó µµ´ö Á߸³ÀûÀÌ´Ù. ±×°ÍÀº ¾î¶² ¸ñÀûÀ¸·Îµç »ç¿ëµÉ ¼ö ÀÖÁö¸¸, ¸¹Àº »ç¶÷Àº ±×°ÍÀÌ »çȸ¸¦ À§ÇØ ¡®±×µéÀÌ¡¯ ¼±È£ÇÏ´Â Èñ¸ÁÀ» ÁõÁøÇÏ´Â µ¥ »ç¿ëµÉ °ÍÀ̶ó°í °¡Á¤Çϴµ¥, ÀÌ°ÍÀÌ ±Ùº»ÀûÀ¸·Î À߸øµÈ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ¼¼»óÀÇ Áö½Ä°ú ±× »ç¿ëÀº º°°³ÀÇ ¹®Á¦ÀÌ´Ù. ÀÌÇØ¿¡ À־ÀÇ Áøº¸°¡ ¼¼°èÀÇ »çȸÀûÀÎ ºÒÇàÀ» Ä¡À¯ÇÏÁö ¸øÇØ¿Ô´Ù´Â °Í¿¡ ½Ç¸ÁÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº Ÿ´çÇÑ °ßÇØÀÌÁö¸¸, ÀÌ°ÍÀ» Áö½ÄÀÇ Áøº¸¿Í È¥µ¿ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº Å͹«´Ï¾ø´Ù. ¾ÆÇÁ¸®Ä«³ª Áßµ¿ÀÇ °¥µî ¶§¹®¿¡ Áö½ÄÀÌ Áøº¸ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù°í ÁÖÀåÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ¿äÁ¡¿¡¼­ ¹þ¾î³­´Ù. Áö½Ä¿¡´Â ±¸Ã¼ÀûÀÎ »çȸÀû ¶Ç´Â µµ´öÀû Àû¿ëÀ» Á¿ìÇÏ´Â ³»ÀçÀûÀÎ °ÍÀº ¾ø´Ù.
 
¼Û°î´åÄÄ(songgok.com) - ¼Õ¹ü½Ä
 
 
   
 

Copyright ¨Ï 1998, songgok.com by Bum-Sik Son. update 2011, All rights reserved.