[Cars are lined up bumper to bumper.]
(Â÷µéÀÌ ²¿¸®¸¦ ¹°°í ¼ Àֳ׿ä.)
¡æ line up: ÁÙ¼´Ù. (be lined up), Á־ »ç¶÷À̸é line up, »ç¹°À̸é be lined up.
• ¸íÀýÀÌ¸é ±Í¼º-±Í°æ Â÷·®À¸·Î µµ·Î°¡ ¸·Çô¼ Â÷°¡ ²Ä¦µµ ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â ÀϵéÀÌ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¿ì¸®´Â À̰ÍÀ» ±³ÅëüÁõÀÌ¶ó ¸» Çϴµ¥ ´Ù¸¥ Ç¥ÇöÀº ¾øÀ»±î¿ä?
(During the holidays, roads are often clogged with cars going or back to their hometowns, leaving cars stuck in traffic. We call this a traffic jam. Is there another way to express it?)
¡æ be clogged(Ŭ·Î±×µå) with: ¹«¾ð°¡°¡ ¹è¼ö±¸³ª Åë·Î µî¿¡ ²Ë ¸·Çô ÀÖ´Â »óÅÂ.(🤘~¾û°ÜºÙ´Ù)
¡æ going or back to their hometowns .(±Í¼º,±Í°æ)
³×, [bumper to bumper] ¶ó´Â Ç¥ÇöÀÌ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
¼Ò½ËÀû °í1 ½ÃÀý¿¡ ¸ðÀǰí»ç¿¡ ³ª¿Â ±â¾ïÀÌ ³³´Ï´Ù. ¹°·Ð Àú´Â Ʋ·È½À´Ï´Ù.
(Yes, there's the __EXPRESSION__ "bumper to bumper." I remember it appearing on a mock exam when I was a high school freshman. Of course, I got it wrong.)
¡æ remember ~ing: ~Çß´ø °ÍÀ» ±â¾ïÇÏ´Ù(°ú°Å). remember to~: ~ÇÒ °ÍÀ» ±â¾ïÇÏ´Ù(¹Ì·¡).
¡æ a mock exam: ¸ðÀǰí»ç
¡æ got it wrong: À߸øÇÏ´Ù, Ʋ¸®´Ù, ½Ç¼öÇÏ´Ù.
* bumper´Â ÀÚµ¿Â÷ ¾ÕµÚÀÇ Ãæ°Ý ¿ÏÈ ÀåÄ¡ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. µû¶ó¼ [bumper to bumper]´Â ÀÚµ¿Â÷ÀÇ ¾Õ ¹üÆÛ¿Í µÚ ¹üÆÛ°¡ °ÅÀÇ ¸Â´êÀ» Á¤µµ·Î Â÷·®µéÀÌ ¹Ù¦ ºÙ¾î ¼ÇàÇϰųª, ±³ÅëÀÌ ¸Å¿ì È¥ÀâÇÑ »óŸ¦ ÀǹÌÇÏ´Â ¿µ¾î Ç¥ÇöÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
(A bumper is a shock absorber at the front or rear of a car. Therefore, "bumper to bumper" is an English __EXPRESSION__ that refers to a situation where cars are driving so close together that their front and rear bumpers are almost touching, or when traffic is very heavy.)
• Cars are crawling along bumper to bumper."
(Â÷µéÀÌ ¹Ù¦ ºÙ¾î °ÅºÏÀÌ ¿îÇàÀ» ÇÑ´Ù.)
¡æ crawl: ±â¾î°¡´Ù.
• We were stuck in bumper-to-bumper traffic for hours."
(¿ì¸®´Â ¸î ½Ã°£ µ¿¾È ¹üÆÛ Åõ ¹üÆÛ Æ®·¡ÇÈ¿¡ °¤Çû½À´Ï´Ù.)
¡æ be stuck in:~ ²Ä¦ ¸øÇÏ°Ô µÇ´Ù. be stuck in a rut:Ʋ¿¡ ¹ÚÈù »ýȰÀ» ÇÏ´Ù.
¡æ stick: ¸·´ë±â, ÁöÆÎÀÌ, ³ª¹µ°¡Áö, ºÙÀÌ´Ù, ºÙ´Ù, Â´Ù.
¡æ I stuck a stamp on the envelope. ³ª´Â ºÀÅõ¿¡ ¿ìÇ¥¸¦ ºÙÇû´Ù.
• Cars are lined up bumper to bumper.
(Â÷µéÀÌ ²¿¸®¸¦ ¹°°í ¼ Àֳ׿ä.)
¡æ line up: ÁÙ¼´Ù. (be lined up), Á־ »ç¶÷À̸é line up, »ç¹°À̸é be lined up.
• During the Chuseok holidays, you can expect bumper-to-bumper traffic to Busan.
(Ãß¼® ¿¬ÈÞ ¶§¿¡´Â ºÎ»ê±îÁö Á¤Ã¼¸¦ °¢¿ÀÇØ¾ß ÇØ¿ä.)
• If you have ever taken a bus or ridden in a car with your parents during Chusok or New Years, you are sure to have experienced the nuisance of bumper-to-bumper traffic.
(Ãß¼®À̳ª ¼³³¯¿¡ ºÎ¸ð´Ô°ú ÇÔ²² ¹ö½º¸¦ Ÿº¸°Å³ª Â÷¸¦ Ÿº» ÀûÀÎ ÀÖ´Ù¸é, Â÷µéÀÌ ²¿¸®¸¦ ¹°°í ´Ã¾î¼± ±³ÅëüÁõÀÇ °ïȤ½º·¯¿òÀ» °æÇèÇØº» ÀûÀÌ ÀÖÀ» °Å¿¹¿ä.)
¡æ be sure to +V: Ʋ¸²¾øÀÌ ~ÇÏ´Ù, be sure of(that)~:~À» È®½ÅÇÏ´Ù.
• Farmers are expected to harvest bumper crops of soybeans, corn, and wheat this year, which should keep consumer prices dip, but also means farmers' income per acre will be down.
(³óºÎµéÀº ¿ÃÇØ Äá, ¿Á¼ö¼ö, ¹Ð ¼öÈ®ÀÌ ´ëdzÀÛÀÏ °ÍÀ¸·Î ¿¹»óÇϰí ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ¿¡ µû¶ó ¼ÒºñÀÚ °¡°ÝÀº °è¼ÓÇØ¼ Ç϶ôÇϰÚÁö¸¸, ³óºÎµéÀÇ 1¿¡ÀÌÄ¿ ´ç ¼öÀÔÀº °¨¼ÒÇÒ °ÍÀ¸·Î º¸ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.)
¡æ be expected to = be supposed to:~Çϱâ·Î µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù.
[ºñ½ÁÇÑ Ç¥Çöµµ ÇÔ²² °øºÎÇØ µÎ¼¼¿ä]
1. heavy traffic.
2. Traffic congestion. (congestion: ¹ßÀ½ÁÖÀÇ:ÄÁÁ¦½ºÃÅ:È¥Àâ)
3. stop-and-go traffic.
4. backed-up traffic. (Traffic is backed up: back up:Â÷¸¦ ÈÄÁø½ÃŰ´Ù.)
5.Traffic bottle neck. (bottle neck phenonemon:º´¸ñÇö»ó)
6.Traffic jam.
*Traffic congestionÀº Â÷·®ÀÌ Á¤Ã¼µÇ´Â Çö»óÀ̰í, Traffic jamÀº Â÷·®ÀÌ Àëó·³ ´Þ¾ÆºÙ¾î ¿òÁ÷ÀÌÁö ¾Ê´Â°ÍÀ» ¸»ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.