[On hearing the news, she burst into tears.]
→ 그녀는 뉴스를 듣자마자 갑자기 울음을 터트렸다.
= As soon as she heard the news, she burst into tears.
= The moment she heard the news, she burst into tears.
= The minute she heard the news, she burst into tears.
= The instance she heard the news, she burst into tears.
= Immediately after she heard the news, she burst into tears.
= 
She had [no sooner, Scarcely, Hardly, Barely) heard the news [than, when, before) she burst into tears. = 
[No sooner, Scarcely, Hardly, Barely) had she heard the news [than, when, before] she burst into tears. (부정어구 특수 도치구문)
[On ~ ing]는 '~하자마자'의 의미로 여러 비슷한 숙어가 있는데 독해에서도 중요하고, 시험에도 자주 출제되고 있으니 반드시 암기하시기 바랍니다.
(The idiom [On ~ ing] has many similar idioms with the meaning of 'as soon as ~', and it is important for reading comprehension and is frequently tested on exams, so make sure to memorize it.)
On(upon) ~ ing = As soon as S+ V
= The moment S + V
= The minute S + V
= The instance S +V
= Immediately after S +V
= 
S + had + (no sooner, scarcely, hardly) p.p (than, when, before) + S + V(과거) = 
(No sooner, Scarcely, Hardly) + Had + S + p.p (than, when, before) S + V(과거): 부정어구 도치 특수구문
→ 
(매우 중요): 1. [when, than, before] 자리에 [after]가 오면 바로 오답이라는 것과, 2. no sooner가 비교급에서 파생된 것이므로 than이 와야 한다는 것 3. 앞의 동사 시제는 과거완료(had+p.p)이고, 뒤의 동사 시제는 과거형이 온다는 것을 반드시 기억하시기 바랍니다. (Very important: Please remember that 1. [after] in place of [when, than, before] is incorrect answer, and 2. "no sooner" is derived from the comparative form, so "than" should be followed, 3. The verb tense of the preceding that follows is past perfect (had+p.p), and the verb tense of the succeeding (main clause) is past tense.)
* no sooner ~ than (o),
no sooner ~ when(x), before(x), after(x).
* (scarcely, hardly, barely) ~ when(before) (o),
(scarcely, hardly, barely) ~ than (x).
* On(Upon) ~ ing: ~하자마자. (as soon as)
* By ~ ing: ~ 함으로써.
* In ~ ing: ~ 할때(when)
* burst into: 갑자기~하다.
→ She burst into laughter.(그녀느 갑자기 웃음을 터트렸다.)
→ He burst into tears.(그는 갑자기 눈물을 터트렸다.
→ The audience burst into applause.( 청충은 갑자기 환호를 터트렸다.)
• No sooner[Hardly, Scarcely, Barely] had I walked in the door than the phone rang.
= I had (No sooner, Hardly; Scarcely, Barely) walked in the door than the phone rang. (문으로 들어서기가 무섭게 전화벨이 울렸다.)
• we had scarcely arrived when the fight began
= Scarcely had we arrived when the fight began
(우리가 도착하자마자 권투는 시작되었다.)
• The robber had no sooner seen me than he ran away.
= No sooner had the robber seen me than he ran away.
= As soon as the robber saw me, he ran away.
(그 강도는 나를 보자마자 달아났다.)
• She had scarcely escaped before she was caught again.
= Scarcely had she escaped before she was caught again.
(그녀는 탈출하자마자 다시 붙잡혔다.)
-- I wish you good luck, I will always keep my fingers crossed for you --
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