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  µ¿½ÃÁ¢¼ÓÀÚ:     083
 
ÀÛ¼ºÀÏ : 13/12/03
2014 ¼ö´É ¿Ü±¹¾î ¿µ¿ª(BÇü) 35¹ø Çؼ³
 ±Û¾´ÀÌ : songgok
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[2014Çг⵵ ¿Ü±¹¾î ¿µ¿ª ¹®Á¦ Áß ¿À´ä·ü 86%¿¡ ´ÞÇÏ´Â ³­À̵µ°¡ °¡Àå ³ôÀº ¹®Á¦ ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.(È®·ü·Î º¸¸é Á¦´ë·Î Ç¬ ÇлýÀÌ °ÅÀÇ ¾ø´Ù´Â ¸»ÀÌ°ÚÁÒ..?) ¼öÇè»ýµé!!!! »ç½Ç ±¸¹®ÀÇ ¾î·Á¿ò º¸´Ù´Â Ç¥ÇöÀÇ ¾î·Á¿ò ¶§¹®¿¡ ´õ ¸¹ÀÌ °í¹ÎÇßÁö ¾ÊÀ»±î¶õ »ý°¢À» Çغ¸³×¿ä.^^ Àú ¶ÇÇÑ ÀÌ ¹®Á¦¸¦ ÇÑÂü µé¿©´Ù º¸¾Ò³×¿ä^^.] 
2014³â ¼ö´É ¿Ü±¹¾î ¿µ¿ª(BÇü) 35¹ø Á¤´ä ¹× Çؼ³ - ¼Õ¹ü½Ä
 
35. ´ÙÀ½ ºóÄ­¿¡ µé¾î°¥ ¸»·Î °¡Àå ÀûÀýÇÑ °ÍÀ» °í¸£½Ã¿À.[3Á¡]
 
Mathematics will attract those it can attract, but it will do nothing to overcome resistance to science. Science is universal in principle but in practice it speaks to very few. Mathematics may be considered a communication skill of the highest type, frictionless so to speak; and at the opposite pole from mathematics, the fruits of science show the practical benefits of science without the use of words. But those fruits are ambivalent. Science as science does not speak, ideally, all scientific concepts are mathematized when scientists communicate with one another, and when science displays its products to non-scientists it need not, and indeed is not able to, resort to salesmanship. When science speaks to others, it is no longer science, and the scientist becomes or has to hire a publicist who dilutes the exactness of mathematics. In doing so, the scientist reverses his drive toward mathematical exactness in favor of rhetorical vagueness and metaphor, thus                                                        . [3Á¡]
 
¨ç degrading his ability to use the scientific language needed for good salesmanship.
¨è surmounting the barrier to science by associating science with mathematics.
¨é inevitably making others who are unskillful in mathematics hostile to science.
¨ê neglecting his duty of bridging the gap between science and the public.
¨ë violating the code of intellectual conduct that defines him as a scientist.
 
1. ³»¿ëÇ®ÀÌ
¼öÇÐÀÌ ¼ÒÅë ±â¼úÀ» ÅëÇØ ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µé À» ¸Å·á½Ãų ¼ö Àִµ¥ ¹ÝÇØ °úÇÐÀº ¸»·Î Àü´ÞµÉ ¼ö ¾ø´Â Ư¼ºÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù°í ¼³¸íÇÏ´Â ±ÛÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Àüü ¹®¸ÆÀ» °í·ÁÇÏ¸é ºóÄ­¿¡´Â °úÇÐÀÚ°¡ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¿¬±¸ °á°ú¸¦ ¸»À» ÅëÇØ Àü´ÞÇÏ·Á°í ³ë·ÂÇÒ ¶§ ³ª¿Ã ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °á°ú(1.¼öÇÐÀÇ Á¤È®¼ºÀ» ¾àÈ­½ÃÅ°´Â ¼±µ¿ÀÚ°¡ µÉ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. 2.È­·ÁÇϸ鼭 ¾Ö¸Å¸ðÈ£ÇÑ Ç¥Çö°ú ÀºÀ¯Àû Ç¥ÇöÀ» »ç¿ëÇÔÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇØ Á¤È®¼ºÀ» Ãß±¸ÇÏ´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¿å±¸¸¦ µÚÁý°Ô µÇ¸ç, 3.±×·ÎÀÎÇØ Àڽſ¡°Ô °úÇÐÀÚ¶ó´Â ÀÚ°ÝÀ» ºÎ¿©ÇÏ´Â ÁöÀûÀÎ ÇàÀ§ÀÇ ±Ô¾àÀ» ¾î±â°Ô µÈ´Ù.)¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ³»¿ë, Áï °úÇÐÀÇ ¾ç¸é¼º Áß ºÎÁ¤ÀûÀÎ Ãø¸éÀ» ³ªÅ¸³»´Â ¨ë¹ø ¡®Àڽſ¡°Ô °úÇÐÀÚ¶ó´Â ÀÚ°ÝÀ» ºÎ¿©ÇÏ´Â ÁöÀûÀÎ ÇàÀ§ÀÇ ±Ô¾àÀ» ¾î±â°Ô µÈ´Ù¡¯°¡ °¡Àå ÀûÀýÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
 
¨ç ´É¼÷ÇÑ »ó¼ú(¼³µæ·Â)¿¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ °úÇÐÀû ¿ë¾î¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ´É·ÂÀ» ¶³¾î¶ß¸®°Ô µÇ´Ù ¨è °úÇаú ¼öÇÐÀ» ¿¬°ü½ÃÅ´¿¡ ÀÇÇؼ­ °úÇп¡ ´ëÇÑ À庮À» ±Øº¹ÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù. ¨é ºÒ°¡ÇÇÇÏ°Ô ¼öÇÐÀ» Àß ¸øÇÏ´Â ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µé·Î ÇÏ¿©±Ý °úÇп¡ ´ëÇÑ Àû´ë°¨À» °®°Ô ÇÑ´Ù. ¨ê °úÇаú ÀÏ¹Ý ´ëÁßµé °£¿¡ ¹ú¾îÁø °£°ÝÀ» ¸Þ¿ì´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ Ã¥ÀÓÀ» ¼ÒȦÈ÷ ÇÏ°Ô µÈ´Ù.
 
2. ±¸¹®Çؼ³
¨ç [Mathematics will attract those (who) it can attract, but it will do nothing to overcome resistance to science. Science is universal in principle but in practice it speaks to very few.]      ¡Øthose (who)~:ÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷µé  ¡Øto overcome resistance to science:°úÇп¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀúÇ×À» À̰ܳ»±â À§Çؼ­(resistance:ÀúÇ×, resistant:ÀúÇ×ÇÏ´Â) ¡Øin principle:À̷лóÀ¸·Î´Â, ¿ø·ÐÀûÀ¸·Î´Â ¡Øin practice:½ÇÁ¦ÀûÀ¸·Î´Â ¡Øto very few:±ØÈ÷ ¼Ò¼öÀÇ »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô¸¸     ¢Ñ¼öÇÐÀº ±×°ÍÀÌ ¸Å·á½Ãų ¼ö ÀÖ´Â »ç¶÷µéÀ» ²ø¾îµéÀÏ °ÍÀÌÁö¸¸, °úÇп¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀúÇ×À» À̰ܳ»±â À§Çؼ­´Â ¾Æ¹« °Íµµ ÇÏÁö ¸øÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. °úÇÐÀº ¿ø¸®¿¡ À־´Â º¸ÆíÀûÀÌÁö¸¸ ½ÇÁ¦¿¡ À־´Â ±ØÈ÷ ¼Ò¼öÀÇ »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô¸¸ Àü´ÞµÈ´Ù.
 
¨è [Mathematics may be considered a communication skill of the highest type, frictionless so to speak; and at the opposite pole from mathematics, the fruits of science show the practical benefits of science without the use of words. But those fruits are ambivalent.]     ¡Ømay be considered:°£ÁÖµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¡Øa communication skill of the highest type:°íÂ÷¿øÀûÀÎ À¯ÇüÀÇ ÀÇ»ç¼ÒÅë ±â¼ú ¡Øfrictionless:¸¶ÂûÀÌ ¾ø´Â ¡Øso to speak:¸»ÇÏÀÚ¸é, Áï ¡Øat the opposite pole from mathematics:¼öÇаú´Â Á¤¹Ý´ëÆí¿¡¼­(pole:±Ø) ¡Øwithout the use of words:¸»À» »ç¿ëÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í  ¡Øambivalent:¾ç¸é¼ºÀÌ ÀÖ´Â, ¹Ý´ë°¨Á¤À» °®´Â       ¢Ñ¼öÇÐÀº À̸¥¹Ù ¸¶ÂûÀÌ ¾ø´Â °¡Àå °íÂ÷¿øÀûÀÎ À¯ÇüÀÇ ¼ÒÅë ±â¼ú·Î °£ÁÖµÉ ¼ö Àִµ¥, ¼öÇаú´Â Á¤¹Ý´ë Æí¿¡¼­ °úÇÐÀÇ ¼º°úµéÀº ¸»À» »ç¿ëÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í ±× ½ÇÁ¦Àû À̵æÀ» º¸¿©ÁØ´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ±×·¯ÇÑ ¼º°úµéÀº ¾ç¸éÀû ¼º°ÝÀ» °®´Â´Ù.
 
¨é [Science as science does not speak, ideally, all scientific concepts are mathematized when scientists communicate with one another, and when science displays its products to non-scientists it need not (resort to salesmanship), and indeed is not able to, resort to salesmanship.]     ¡Øideally:ÀÌ·ÐÀûÀ¸·Î ¸»ÇÏÀÚ¸é  ¡Øbe mathematized:¼öȮȭ µÇ´Ù. ¡Øcommunicate with:~¿Í ÀÇ»ç ¼ÒÅëÇÒ ¶§  ¡Øone another:¼­·Î ¡Øwhen science displays its products to non-scientists:°úÇÐÀÌ ±× °úÇÐÀû »ê¹°À» °úÇÐÀÚ°¡ ¾Æ´Ñ °úÇÐÀÚ¿¡°Ô ³ªÅ¸³¾¶§ ¡Øit need not (resort to salesmanship):±×°Í(°úÇÐ)Àº »ó¼ú¿¡ ÀÇÁ¸ÇÒ ÇÊ¿ä°¡ ¾ø°í.  and indeed is not able to, resort to salesmanship.:»ç½Ç »ó¼ú¿¡ ÀÇÁöÇÒ ¼öµµ ¾ø´Ù. *salesmanship:»ó¼ú, ÆǸżú       ¢Ñ°úÇÐÀ¸·Î¼­ÀÇ °úÇÐÀº ¡°¸»·Î Àü´ÞµÇÁö¡± ¾Ê´Âµ¥(¸»À» ÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í), ÀÌ»óÀûÀ¸·Î ¸»ÇÏÀÚ¸é °úÇÐÀÚµéÀÌ ¼­·Î ÀÇ»ç¼ÒÅëÇÒ ¶§ ¸ðµç °úÇÐÀÇ °³³äµéÀº ¼öÇÐÈ­µÇ´Â °ÍÀÌ°í, °úÇÐÀÌ °úÇÐÀû »ê¹°À» °úÇÐÀÚ°¡ ¾Æ´Ñ »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô ³ªÅ¸³¾ ¶§ °úÇÐÀº »ó¼ú(¼³µæ·Â)¿¡ ÀÇÁöÇÒ ÇÊ¿äµµ ¾ø°í »ç½Ç ÀÇÁöÇÒ ¼öµµ ¾ø´Ù.
 
¨ê [When science speaks to others, it is no longer science, and the scientist becomes or has to hire a publicist who dilutes the exactness of mathematics.]   ¡Øa publicist who dilutes the exactness of mathematics:¼öÇÐÀÇ Á¤È®¼ºÀ» ¾àÈ­½ÃÅ°´Â ¼±µ¿ÀÚ(who:ÁÖ°Ý°ü°è´ë¸í»ç, dilute:¾àÈ­½ÃÅ°´Ù, Èñ¼®½ÃÅ°´Ù, publicist:¼±µ¿ÀÚ, ¼±Àü ´ã´çÀÚ)      ¢Ñ°úÇÐÀÌ ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô ¸»·Î Àü´ÞµÇ¸é ±×°ÍÀº ´õ ÀÌ»ó °úÇÐÀÌ ¾Æ´Ñ °ÍÀ̸ç, ±×·¯ÇÑ °úÇÐÀÚ´Â ¼öÇÐÀÇ Á¤È®¼ºÀ» ¾àÈ­½ÃÅ°´Â ¼±µ¿ÀÚ°¡ µÇ°Å³ª ±×·± ÀÏÀ» ÇÏ´Â ¼±µ¿ÀÚ¸¦ °í¿ëÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.
 
¨ë [In doing so, the scientist reverses his drive toward mathematical exactness in favor of rhetorical vagueness and metaphor, thus violating the code of intellectual conduct that defines him as a scientist.]     ¡ØIn doing so:±×·¸°Ô ÇÒ ¶§, ±×·¸°Ô ÇÏ´Â °úÁ¤¿¡¼­  ¡Øhis drive toward mathematical exactness:¼öÇÐÀû Á¤È®¼ºÀ» Ãß±¸ÇÏ´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¿å±¸(drive toward: ~´ëÇÑ(ÇâÇÑ) ÃßÁø, ¿°¿ø)   ¡Øin favor of rhetorical vagueness and metaphor:È­·ÁÇϸ鼭 ¾Ö¸ÅÇÑ Ç¥Çö°ú ÀºÀ¯Àû Ç¥ÇöÀ» »ç¿ëÇϱâ À§ÇÏ¿©  ¡Øin favor of: ~À» À§ÇÏ¿©, ~¿¡ Âù¼ºÇÏ¿© ¡Ørhetorical vagueness:È­·ÁÇϸ鼭 ¾Ö¸Å¸ðÈ£ÇÑ Ç¥Çö  ¡Ømetaphor[metəfɔ̀¢°r]: ÀºÀ¯Àû Ç¥Çö ¡Øreverse:µÚÁý´Ù, ¹Ý´ë·Î ÇÏ´Ù  ¡Øviolating(=and the scientist violates) the code of intellectual conduct that defines him as a scientist:Àڱ⿡°Ô °úÇÐÀÚ¶ó°í ÀÚ°ÝÀ» ºÎ¿©ÇÏ´Â(Á¤ÀÇÇÏ´Â) ÁöÀûÀÎ ÇàÀ§ÀÇ ±Ô¾àÀ» ¾î±â´Ù.  ¡Øthe code of intellectual conduct:ÁöÁöÀûÀÎ ÇàÀ§ÀÇ ±Ô¾à(that:ÁÖ°Ý°ü°è´ë¸í»ç) ¡Ødefine:Á¤ÀÇÇÏ´Ù. ±ÔÁ¤ÇÏ´Ù.       ¢Ñ±×·¸°Ô ÇÔ¿¡ À־ °úÇÐÀÚ´Â È­·ÁÇϸ鼭 ¾Ö¸Å¸ðÈ£ÇÑ Ç¥Çö°ú ÀºÀ¯Àû Ç¥ÇöÀ» »ç¿ëÇϱâ À§Çؼ­ ¼öÇÐÀû Á¤È®¼ºÀ» Ãß±¸ÇÏ´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¿å±¸¸¦ µÚÁý°Ô µÇ°í, ±×¸®ÇÏ¿© Àڽſ¡°Ô °úÇÐÀÚ¶ó´Â ÀÚ°ÝÀ» ºÎ¿©ÇÏ´Â ÁöÀûÀÎ ÇàÀ§ÀÇ ±Ô¾àÀ» ¾î±â°Ô µÈ´Ù.
 
3. ´Ü¾îÁ¤¸®
*overcome:À̰ܳ»´Ù, ±Øº¹ÇÏ´Ù *frictionless:¸¶Âû ¾ø´Â(friction:¸¶Âû) *so to speak: ¸»ÇÏÀÚ¸é, À̸¥¹Ù *ambivalent:¾ç¸é¼ºÀÌ ÀÖ´Â *mathematize:¼öÇÐÈ­ÇÏ´Ù, ¼öÇÐÀûÀ¸·Î ¸¸µé´Ù. *resort to:~¿¡ ÀÇÁöÇÏ´Ù *salesmanship:»ó¼ú, ÆǸżú; ¼³µæ·Â *publicist:¼±µ¿ÀÚ, ¼±Àü ´ã´çÀÚ *dilute:¾àÈ­½ÃÅ°´Ù, Èñ¼®½ÃÅ°´Ù *reverse:µÚÁý´Ù, ¹Ý´ë·Î ÇÏ´Ù. *rhetorical[ritɔ́(¢°)rik-əl]:¼ö»ç¹ýÀÇ, È­·ÁÇÑ *vagueness:¾Ö¸Å¸ðÈ£ÇÔ, ºÒºÐ¸íÇÔ *metaphor [metəfɔ̀¢°r]: ÀºÀ¯Àû Ç¥Çö *degrade:ÅðÈ­ÇÏ´Ù. °ÝÇÏÇÏ´Ù. °­µî½ÃÅ°´Ù. *surmount:À̰ܳ»´Ù. ±Øº¹ÇÏ´Ù. *barrier:À庮 *associate:°ü·Ã½ÃÅ°´Ù. *inevitably:ºÒ°¡ÇÇÇÏ°Ô *hostile:ÀûÀÇ ÀÖ´Â *violate:À§¹ÝÇÏ´Ù. ¡Ødefine:Á¤ÀÇÇÏ´Ù.
 
4. Àü¹®Çؼ®
¼öÇÐÀº ±×°ÍÀÌ ¸Å·á½Ãų ¼ö ÀÖ´Â »ç¶÷µéÀ» ²ø¾îµéÀÏ °ÍÀÌÁö¸¸, °úÇп¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀúÇ×À» À̰ܳ»±â À§Çؼ­´Â ¾Æ¹« °Íµµ ÇÏÁö ¸øÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. °úÇÐÀº ¿ø¸®¿¡ À־´Â º¸ÆíÀûÀÌÁö¸¸ ½ÇÁ¦¿¡ À־´Â ±ØÈ÷ ¼Ò¼öÀÇ »ç¶÷¿¡°Ô¸¸ Àü´ÞµÈ´Ù. ¼öÇÐÀº À̸¥¹Ù ¸¶ÂûÀÌ ¾ø´Â °¡Àå °íÂ÷¿øÀûÀÎ À¯ÇüÀÇ ¼ÒÅë ±â¼ú·Î °£ÁÖµÉ ¼ö Àִµ¥, ¼öÇаú´Â Á¤¹Ý´ë Æí¿¡¼­ °úÇÐÀÇ ¼º°úµéÀº ¸»À» »ç¿ëÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í ±× ½ÇÁ¦Àû À̵æÀ» º¸¿©ÁØ´Ù. ÇÏÁö¸¸ ±×·¯ÇÑ ¼º°úµéÀº ¾ç¸éÀû ¼º°ÝÀ» °®´Â´Ù. °úÇÐÀ¸·Î¼­ÀÇ °úÇÐÀº ¡°¸»·Î Àü´ÞµÇÁö¡± ¾Ê´Âµ¥, ÀÌ·ÐÀûÀ¸·Î ¸»ÇÏÀÚ¸é °úÇÐÀÚµéÀÌ ¼­·Î ÀÇ»ç¼ÒÅëÇÒ ¶§ ¸ðµç °úÇÐÀÇ °³³äµéÀº ¼öÇÐÈ­µÇ´Â °ÍÀÌ°í, °úÇÐÀÌ °úÇÐÀû »ê¹°À» °úÇÐÀÚ°¡ ¾Æ´Ñ »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô ³ªÅ¸³¾ ¶§ °úÇÐÀº »ó¼ú(¼³µæ·Â)¿¡ ÀÇÁöÇÒ ÇÊ¿äµµ ¾ø°í »ç½Ç ÀÇÁöÇÒ ¼öµµ ¾ø´Ù. °úÇÐÀÌ ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷µé¿¡°Ô ¸»·Î Àü´ÞµÇ¸é ±×°ÍÀº ´õ ÀÌ»ó °úÇÐÀÌ ¾Æ´Ñ °ÍÀ̸ç, ±×·¯ÇÑ °úÇÐÀÚ´Â ¼öÇÐÀÇ Á¤È®¼ºÀ» ¾àÈ­½ÃÅ°´Â ¼±µ¿ÀÚ°¡ µÇ°Å³ª ±×·± ÀÏÀ» ÇÏ´Â ¼±µ¿ÀÚ¸¦ °í¿ëÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ±×·¸°Ô ÇÔ¿¡ À־ °úÇÐÀÚ´Â È­·ÁÇϸ鼭 ¾Ö¸Å¸ðÈ£ÇÑ Ç¥Çö°ú ÀºÀ¯Àû Ç¥ÇöÀ» »ç¿ëÇϱâ À§Çؼ­ ¼öÇÐÀû Á¤È®¼ºÀ» Ãß±¸ÇÏ´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¿å±¸¸¦ µÚÁý°Ô µÇ°í, ±×¸®ÇÏ¿© Àڽſ¡°Ô °úÇÐÀÚ¶ó´Â ÀÚ°ÝÀ» ºÎ¿©ÇÏ´Â ÁöÀûÀÎ ÇàÀ§ÀÇ ±Ô¾àÀ» ¾î±â°Ô µÈ´Ù.
 
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