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ÀÛ¼ºÀÏ : 12/11/19
2013Çг⵵ ¼ö´É ¿Ü±¹¾î ¿µ¿ª 45¹ø Çؼ³
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2013³â ¼ö´É ¿Ü±¹¾î ¿µ¿ª 45¹ø Á¤´ä ¹× Çؼ³ - ¼Û°î´åÄÄ(songgok.com)
 
45. ´ÙÀ½ ±ÛÀÇ ³»¿ëÀ» ÇÑ ¹®ÀåÀ¸·Î ¿ä¾àÇÏ°íÀÚ ÇÑ´Ù. ºóÄ­ (A)¿Í (B)¿¡ µé¾î°¥ ¸»·Î °¡Àå ÀûÀýÇÑ °ÍÀº?
 
¡°Why, in country after country that mandated seat belts, was it impossible to see the promised reduction in road accident fatalities?¡± John Adams, professor of geography at University College London, wrote in one of his many essays on risk. ¡°It appears that measures that protect drivers from the consequences of bad driving encourage bad driving. The principal effect of seat belt legislation has been a shift in the burden of risk from those already best protected in cars, to the most vulnerable, pedestrians and cyclists, outside cars.¡± Adams started to group these counterintuitive findings under the concept of risk compensation, the idea that humans have an inborn tolerance for risk. As safety features are added to vehicles and roads, drivers feel less vulnerable and tend to take more chances. The phenomenon can be observed in all aspects of our daily lives. Children who wear protective gear during their games have a tendency to take more physical risks. Hikers take more risks when they think a rescuer can access them easily.
¡é
According to John Adams, the phenomenon that safety measures   (A)   careless driving may be accounted for by the notion that a greater sense of security   (B)   people to take more risks.
 
¨ç contribute to ¡¦¡¦ tempts   ¨è contribute to ¡¦¡¦ forbids
¨é discourage ¡¦¡¦ tempts     ¨ê discourage ¡¦¡¦ forces    ¨ë discourage ¡¦¡¦ forbids
 
1. ³»¿ëÇ®ÀÌ
¿îÀüÀÚµéÀº ¾ÈÀüÀåÄ¡°¡ Ãß°¡µÉ¼ö·Ï À§±âÀǽÄÀ» ´ú ´À³¢°Ô µÇ¾î ´õ ¸¹Àº ¸ðÇèÀ» ¹«¸¨¾²´Â °æÇâÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù´Â ³»¿ëÀÇ ±ÛÀÌ´Ù. µû¶ó¼­ (A)¿¡´Â contribute to(~ÀÇ ¿øÀÎÀÌ µÇ´Ù, ~¿¡ µµ¿òÀÌ µÇ´Ù), ±×¸®°í (B)¿¡´Â tempts(ºÎÃß±â´Ù, À¯È¤ÇÏ´Ù)°¡ ÀûÀýÇÔ.
 
2. ±¸¹®Çؼ³
¨ç [¡°Why, (in country after country that mandated seat belts,) was it impossible to see the promised reduction / in road accident fatalities?¡± John Adams, (professor of geography at University College London,) wrote / in one of his many essays / on risk.]     ¡Ø it:°¡ÁÖ¾î, to~:ÁøÁÖ¾î  ¡Øthe promised reduction: ±â´ëÇÑ(¸¸Å­ÀÇ) °¨¼Ò ¡Øfatality »ç¸ÁÀÚ(¼ö), Âü»ç cf)casualties »ç»óÀÚ ¡Øone of his many essays: ±×ÀÇ ¸¹Àº ±Ûµé Áß ÇÑ°÷¿¡    ¢Ñ ¿Ö ¾ÈÀüº§Æ®¸¦ Àǹ«È­ÇÑ ³ª¶óµé¿¡¼­ µµ·Î»óÀÇ »ç°í·Î ÀÎÇÑ »ç¸ÁÀÚ ¼ö°¡ ±â´ëÇÑ ¸¸Å­ °¨¼ÒÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» º¸´Â °ÍÀÌ ºÒ°¡´ÉÇÑ°¡? ·±´ø´ëÇÐÀÇ ºÎ¼Ó ´Ü°ú´ëÇÐ Áö¸®Çб³¼öÀÎ John Adams´Â À§Çè¿¡ °üÇÑ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¸¹Àº ±Ûµé Áß Çϳª¿¡ (´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ) ½è´Ù.
 
¨è [It appears that measures (that protect drivers from the consequences of bad driving) encourage bad driving.] = [Measures (that protect drivers from the consequences of bad driving) appear to encourage bad driving] ¡ç ´Ü¼øºÎÁ¤»ç  ¡ØIt appears that = It seems that: ~ó·³ º¸ÀÌ´Ù, ~ÀÎ °Í °°´Ù ¡Ø ÁÖ¾î: measures (¼ö´Ü, Á¶Ä¡), µ¿»ç: encourage(Á¶ÀåÇÏ´Ù, ºÎÃß±â´Ù) ¡Øprotect ¨Í from ¨Î: ¨Î·ÎºÎÅÍ ¨Í¸¦ º¸È£ÇÏ´Ù ¡Øthe consequences of bad driving: À߸øµÈ ¿îÀüÀÇ °á°ú   ¢Ñ¿îÀüÀÚµéÀ» À߸øµÈ ¿îÀüÀÇ °á°ú·ÎºÎÅÍ º¸È£ÇÏ´Â ¼ö´ÜµéÀÌ ¹Ù¶÷Á÷ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀº ¿îÀüÀ» Á¶ÀåÇÏ´Â °Íó·³ º¸ÀδÙ.
 
¨é [The principal effect of seat belt legislation / has been a shift (in the burden of risk) / from those (who are)¡¡already best protected in cars, / to the most vulnerable, / pedestrians and cyclists, / outside cars.]   ¡Øthose who: ~ÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷µé  ¡ØThe principal effect of seat belt legislation:¾ÈÀüº§Æ® ¹ý·üÁ¦Á¤ÀÇ ÁÖ¿ä È¿°ú ¡Øin the burden of risk:À§ÇèºÎ´ã¿¡ À־¡¡ ¡Øthose (who are)¡¡already best protected in cars: Â÷¾È¿¡¼­ ÀÌ¹Ì °¡Àå Àß º¸È£¹Þ´Â »ç¶÷µé ¡Øthe most vulnerable: °¡Àå °ø°Ý¹Þ±â ½¬¿î »ç¶÷µé(°¡Àå Ãë¾àÇÑ »ç¶÷µé)    ¢Ñ¾ÈÀüº§Æ® ¹ý·ü Á¦Á¤ÀÇ ÁÖ¿ä È¿°ú´Â Â÷·® ¾È¿¡¼­ ÀÌ¹Ì °¡Àå Àß º¸È£¹Þ°í ÀÖ´Â »ç¶÷µé·ÎºÎÅÍ °¡Àå Ãë¾àÇÑ »ç¶÷µé, Áï, Â÷ ¹Û¿¡ ÀÖ´Â º¸ÇàÀÚµé°ú ÀÚÀü°Å¸¦ Ÿ´Â »ç¶÷µé·Î À§Çè¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ºÎ´ãÀÌ ¿Å°Ü°¡´Â °ÍÀ̾ú´Ù
 
¨ê [Adams started to group these counterintuitive findings / under the concept of risk compensation, / the idea (=) that humans have an inborn tolerance for risk.]   ¡Øgroup these counterintuitive findings: ¹ÝÁ÷°üÀûÀÎ ¹ß°ßµéÀ» Á¤¸®ÇÏ´Ù ¡Øunder the concept of risk compensation:À§Çè º¸»óÀ̶õ °³³äÇÏ¿¡¼­  ¢ÑAdams´Â ¡®À§Ç躸»ó¡¯, Áï Àΰ£Àº À§Çè¿¡ ´ëÇØ Å¸°í³­ ³»¼ºÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù´Â »ý°¢¿¡ ÀÇ°ÅÇÏ¿© ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Á÷°ü¿¡ ¹ÝÇÑ ¿¬±¸ °á°úµéÀ» Á¤¸®Çϱ⠽ÃÀÛÇß´Ù.
 
¨ë [As safety features are added to vehicles and roads, drivers feel less vulnerable and tend to take more chances.]   ¡Øas: ~ÇÔ¿¡ µû¶ó ¡Øsafety features:¾ÈÀü ÀåÄ¡µé ¡Øfeel less vulnerable: °ø°ÝÀ» ´ú ¹ÞÀ» °ÍÀ̶ó ´À³¢´Ù(À§±âÀǽÄÀ» ´ú ´À³¢´Ù) ¡Øchance À§Çè, ¸ðÇè   ¢ÑµÎµå·¯Áø ¾ÈÀüÀåÄ¡µéÀ» Â÷·®À̳ª µµ·Î¿¡ Ãß°¡ÇÒ¼ö·Ï, ¿îÀüÀÚµéÀº À§±âÀǽÄÀ» ´ú ´À³¢°Ô µÇ°í ´õ ¸¹Àº ¸ðÇèÀ» ÇÏ´Â °æÇâÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù.
 
¨ì [The phenomenon can be observed / in all aspects of our daily lives. Children (who wear protective gear during their games) have a tendency to take more physical risks.]   ¡Øall aspects of our daily lives:¿ì¸® »îÀÇ ¸ðµç Ãø¸é ¡Øprotective gear:º¸È£ Àåºñ ¡Øhave a tendency to =  tend to ~ÇÏ´Â °æÇâÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù    ¢Ñ±×·¯ÇÑ Çö»óÀº ¿ì¸®ÀÇ ÀÏ»óÀûÀÎ »îÀÇ ¸ðµç ¸é¿¡¼­ °üÂûµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. °ÔÀÓÀ» ÇÏ´Â µ¿¾È º¸È£ À屸¸¦ Âø¿ëÇÑ ¾î¸°À̵éÀº ´õ ¸¹Àº ½ÅüÀûÀÎ À§ÇèÀ» ¹«¸¨¾²´Â °æÇâÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù.
 
¨í [According to John Adams, the phenomenon (that safety measures contribute to careless driving) may be accounted for by the notion that a greater sense of security tempts people to take more risks.]    ¡Øsafety measures:¾ÈÀüÀåÄ¡µé   ¡Øa greater sense of security:´õ Å« ¾ÈÀü°¨ ¡Ø tempt ~ to: ºÎÃß±â´Ù, À¯È¤ÇÏ´Ù  ¡Øthe notion that: thatÀº the notion°ú µ¿°Ý   ¢ÑJohn Adams¿¡ µû¸£¸é, ¾ÈÀüÀåÄ¡µéÀÌ ºÎÁÖÀÇÇÑ ¿îÀü¿¡ ¿øÀÎÀÌ µÇ´Â Çö»óÀº ´õ Å« ¾ÈÀü°¨ÀÌ »ç¶÷µé·Î ÇÏ¿©±Ý ´õ ¸¹Àº À§ÇèÀ» °¨¼öÇϵµ·Ï ºÎÃß±ä´Ù´Â »ý°¢À¸·Î ¼³¸íµÉ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
 
3. ´Ü¾îÁ¤¸®
*mandate ¸í·É[À§ÀÓ]ÇÏ´Ù, ¸í·É, Áö·É *fatality »ç¸ÁÀÚ(¼ö), Âü»ç cf)casualties »ç»óÀÚ *promised °¡¸Á ÀÖ´Â, ±â´ëµÇ´Â *geography Áö¸®ÇÐ *measures ¼ö´Ü, ¹æÃ¥ *legislation ÀÔ¹ý, ¹ý·ü Á¦Á¤ *shift º¯µ¿, º¯È­, º¯Ãµ, ¹Ù²Ù´Ù, À̵¿ÇÏ´Ù ¡æ shift from ¨Í to ¨Î :¨Í¿¡¼­ ¨Î·ÎÀÇ º¯µ¿ *vulnerable »óó¸¦ ÀԱ⠽¬¿î, °ø°Ý ¹Þ±â ½¬¿î *counterintuitive Á÷°ü¿¡ ¹ÝÇÏ´Â(intuit Á÷°üÀ¸·Î ¾Ë´Ù, intuition Á÷°ü, intuitive Á÷°üÀûÀÎ) *finding ¿¬±¸ °á°ú, ¹ß°ß *compensation º¸»ó, ¹è»ó *phenomenon Çö»ó *inborn Ÿ°í³­ *tolerance ³»¼º, Àγ»·Â *protective gear º¸È£ Àåºñ *safety ¾ÈÀü(ÀåÄ¡) *have a tendency to = tend to ~ÇÏ´Â °æÇâÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù *chance À§Çè, ¸ðÇè *access Á¢±ÙÇÏ´Ù (recess ÈÞ½Ä) *account for ~À» ¼³¸íÇÏ´Ù, ³ªÅ¸³»´Ù *notion °ü³ä, °³³ä
 
4. Àü¹®Çؼ®
¿Ö ¾ÈÀüº§Æ®¸¦ Àǹ«È­ÇÑ ³ª¶óµé¿¡¼­ µµ·Î»óÀÇ »ç°í·Î ÀÎÇÑ »ç¸ÁÀÚ ¼ö°¡ ±â´ëÇÑ ¸¸Å­ °¨¼ÒÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» º¸´Â °ÍÀÌ ºÒ°¡´ÉÇÑ°¡? ·±´ø´ëÇÐÀÇ ºÎ¼Ó ´Ü°ú´ëÇÐ Áö¸®Çб³¼öÀÎ John Adams´Â À§Çè¿¡ °üÇÑ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¸¹Àº ±Ûµé Áß Çϳª¿¡ (´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ) ½è´Ù. ¡°¿îÀüÀÚµéÀ» À߸øµÈ ¿îÀüÀÇ °á°ú·ÎºÎÅÍ º¸È£ÇÏ´Â ¼ö´ÜµéÀÌ ¹Ù¶÷Á÷ÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀº ¿îÀüÀ» Á¶ÀåÇÏ´Â °Íó·³ º¸ÀδÙ. ¾ÈÀüº§Æ® ¹ý·ü Á¦Á¤ÀÇ ÁÖ¿ä È¿°ú´Â Â÷·® ¾È¿¡¼­ ÀÌ¹Ì °¡Àå Àß º¸È£¹Þ°í ÀÖ´Â »ç¶÷µé·ÎºÎÅÍ °¡Àå Ãë¾àÇÑ »ç¶÷µé, Áï, Â÷ ¹Û¿¡ ÀÖ´Â º¸ÇàÀÚµé°ú ÀÚÀü°Å¸¦ Ÿ´Â »ç¶÷µé·Î À§Çè¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ºÎ´ãÀÌ ¿Å°Ü°¡´Â °ÍÀ̾ú´Ù.¡± Adams´Â ¡®À§Ç躸»ó¡¯, Áï Àΰ£Àº À§Çè¿¡ ´ëÇØ Å¸°í³­ ³»¼ºÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù´Â »ý°¢¿¡ ÀÇ°ÅÇÏ¿© ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ Á÷°ü¿¡ ¹ÝÇÑ ¿¬±¸ °á°úµéÀ» Á¤¸®Çϱ⠽ÃÀÛÇß´Ù. µÎµå·¯Áø ¾ÈÀüÀåÄ¡µéÀ» Â÷·®À̳ª µµ·Î¿¡ Ãß°¡ÇÒ¼ö·Ï, ¿îÀüÀÚµéÀº À§±âÀǽÄÀ» ´ú ´À³¢°Ô µÇ°í ´õ ¸¹Àº ¸ðÇèÀ» ÇÏ´Â °æÇâÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¯ÇÑ Çö»óÀº ¿ì¸®ÀÇ ÀÏ»óÀûÀÎ »îÀÇ ¸ðµç ¸é¿¡¼­ °üÂûµÉ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. °ÔÀÓÀ» ÇÏ´Â µ¿¾È º¸È£ À屸¸¦ Âø¿ëÇÑ ¾î¸°À̵éÀº ´õ ¸¹Àº ½ÅüÀûÀÎ À§ÇèÀ» ¹«¸¨¾²´Â °æÇâÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. µµº¸ ¿©ÇàÀ» ÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷µéÀº ±¸Á¶ÀÚ°¡ Àڽŵ鿡°Ô ½±°Ô Á¢±ÙÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÒ ¶§ ´õ À§ÇèÀ» ¹«¸¨¾´´Ù.
¡æ John Adams¿¡ µû¸£¸é, ¾ÈÀüÀåÄ¡µéÀÌ ºÎÁÖÀÇÇÑ ¿îÀü¿¡ ¿øÀÎÀÌ µÇ´Â Çö»óÀº ´õ Å« ¾ÈÀü°¨ÀÌ »ç¶÷µé·Î ÇÏ¿©±Ý ´õ ¸¹Àº À§ÇèÀ» °¨¼öÇϵµ·Ï ºÎÃß±ä´Ù´Â »ý°¢À¸·Î ¼³¸íµÉ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
 
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